BEST PRACTICES ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT OF NEPALESE CITIES
performance of any private sector partner. The
involvement of the private sector can generate
employment for the urban poor.
Involve local recycling businessman in waste
management planning: Local businessman who are
dealing in recyclable materials should be involved
in waste management planning because their insights
and experience could improve planning for
sustainable solid waste management. They should
be invited to take part in the annual meetings of
municipal boards when waste management issues
are being discussed.
Tax waiver for recycling enterprises: During the field
visit it was learnt that recycling is an important part
of sustainable waste management. Enterprises that
deal with recycled materials could be encouraged by
a waiver of local government taxes in every
municipality.
Greater effort for HH and community composting:
The cases that have been presented clearly show that
HH composting is the best option for reducing and
treating organic wastes. Data showed that almost 70
per cent of the solid waste in Nepal is organic waste.
Solid waste management needs a separate
department: It is noted that provision of solid waste
management services in all the municipalities is the
responsibility of the Community Development Section.
There are some other responsibilities that need to be
given to this department such as community
mobilisation for infrastructure development.
Therefore, in order to achieve effective and efficient
waste management services, a separate department
should be created in each municipality.
Suiro for Plastic separation: Waste recovery and
segregation at source are not considered seriously in
many urban centres of Nepal. The storage of
segregated plastic waste by hooking it on a Suiro
hook is a simple and sanitary method of handling
this type of inorganic waste.
Empowerment of low-income communities for
recycling: Low-income communities (if united) could
recycle their own waste themselves in their areas,
thereby avoiding collection by outsiders. This exercise
could improve local people’s perception of waste
segregation and reuse. People could learn that useful
incomes can be earned from waste if it is handled
properly.
Systematic effort for financial management: Most
municipalities in Nepal have limited resources to
facilitate proper solid waste management services. A
systematic and organised approach to waste
management could result in waste management
systems that are more sustainable.
Roles and responsibilities: Municipal programmes
that raise awareness and create an understanding
of the roles of various stakeholders in waste
management could enhance sustainability. There
are various GOs, NGOs and INGOs working in urban
development planning and their roles and
responsibilities should be clearly defined before the
planning starts. Municipalities could coordinate,
encourage and work with local NGOs and
communities which are working for reduction,
reuse and recycling.
Mechanism to encourage users: The cases have
shown that users or beneficiaries can play an
important role in ISWM. If users are aware, waste
management systems could be better managed.
Therefore, interactive programmes, television and
radio broadcasts, educational tours, exhibitions etc.
should be used to encourage users to take on a
greater role.
Honour a good waste handler: Municipalities could
honour individuals who make outstanding
contributions to resource management. This practice
would increase the interest of citizens and create
competition among the residents resulting in
improved standards of resource management. For
example, in 2008 Hetauda municipality honoured
its service providers with a prize worth NRs.1,000
for making a good contribution to reducing, reusing
and recycling HH waste.
Training centres: Solid waste management training
and resource centres could be established in order to
improve the standards of solid waste management in
all the municipalities of Nepal. The Ministry of Local
Development could formulate a clearer role for its
Solid Waste Management and Resource Mobilisation
Centre. Necessary instructions could be given to
SWMRMC in order to improve the solid waste
management capacities of municipalities.
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